Human interacts with each others by using a media called language. It occupies an important role in human life since the function of language is quite significant. One is able to utter his feeling or to convey message by using a language, so that the others understand the meaning.
In a country where the people are heterogeneous and come from many different ethnic groups like Indonesia, many languages are used for communication between them. Being heterogeneous country, its people speak various kinds of languages depending on the area they come, which is called regional language. Javanese, and Sundanese as well as Bataknese are the examples of regional languages in Indonesia.
In a country where the people are heterogeneous and come from many different ethnic groups like Indonesia, many languages are used for communication between them. Being heterogeneous country, its people speak various kinds of languages depending on the area they come, which is called regional language. Javanese, and Sundanese as well as Bataknese are the examples of regional languages in Indonesia.
Besides regional languages as mentioned above, Indonesians also speak Indonesian Language for communication activity. It has function to unite those different regional languages, as not all Indonesians are able to comprehend all regional languages. By regarding its function to unite the various kinds of regional languages, Indonesian language is called National Language, that is a language which is learned and spoken by people to communicate across islands in Indonesia.
For communication activity, Indonesians often involve their native languages or mother tongues, or first languages. Encarta (2005:3) describes first language as the first somebody learns as a child at home. It is used to communicate within the people in a certain community in a specific region as well. Regional languages like mentioned above are the examples of first languages for Indonesians as it is spoken as day-to-day language.
Indonesian can be included into second language for Indonesians since it is used only in particular occasion, not in daily conversation. Quirk (1957:3) argues that language is called second language when it is used necessarily for certain official, social, commercial, or educational activities within a certain country. Therefore, Indonesian language can be called the second language for Javanese, Sundanese, or Bataknese. However, there are numbers of people who use Indonesian for daily conversation, such as the people who stay in urban city like Jakarta.
Another language learnt and spoken by some Indonesians is English as a foreign language. It is taught in some formal education institutions, such as schools and Universities, as well as non-formal ones. As the time goes by, more and more people started from Elementary School up to University students learn it as they realize that English plays an important role in the world and becomes an International Language. Moreover, it is used in International forum whereby the members of the forum may express their ideas, thoughts and feelings by using English.
For communication activity, Indonesians often involve their native languages or mother tongues, or first languages. Encarta (2005:3) describes first language as the first somebody learns as a child at home. It is used to communicate within the people in a certain community in a specific region as well. Regional languages like mentioned above are the examples of first languages for Indonesians as it is spoken as day-to-day language.
Indonesian can be included into second language for Indonesians since it is used only in particular occasion, not in daily conversation. Quirk (1957:3) argues that language is called second language when it is used necessarily for certain official, social, commercial, or educational activities within a certain country. Therefore, Indonesian language can be called the second language for Javanese, Sundanese, or Bataknese. However, there are numbers of people who use Indonesian for daily conversation, such as the people who stay in urban city like Jakarta.
Another language learnt and spoken by some Indonesians is English as a foreign language. It is taught in some formal education institutions, such as schools and Universities, as well as non-formal ones. As the time goes by, more and more people started from Elementary School up to University students learn it as they realize that English plays an important role in the world and becomes an International Language. Moreover, it is used in International forum whereby the members of the forum may express their ideas, thoughts and feelings by using English.
In line with that, Quirk (1957:3) defines the term foreign language as follows:
By foreign language, we mean a language as used by someone for communication across frontiers or with people who are not his countrymen.
The definition gives idea that foreign language is used only when the speaker encounters a situation when he has to deal with people from other countries whose languages are different from his native language and not used for everyday communication.
This foreign language is used by Indonesians in particular situation only, such as in formal meeting, speech, lecturer, traveling activity, touring guide, debate speech and many more. Debate speech is the most interesting activity using English, since it is very challenging, so that more and more students are eager to practice it. Furthermore it will be the topic of the discussion in this paper.
Debate is one of several activities using English actively in a form of spoken language, not in the written one. The debaters –those who perform debate- are supposed to speak English actively while delivering arguments during debate. They are not only forced to speak English fluently, but also to have basic knowledge related to the topics that are being debated.
In line with that, Oxford Advanced Learner Dictionary defines debate as a formal argument or discussion of a question, especially in a public meeting or in a Parliament with two or more opposing speakers and often ending in a vote (1995:307). Referring to the definition above, it can be concluded that debate is a discussion which is delivered by using formal language with two or more speakers who attempt to defend their arguments by providing it with some evidences, in order to strengthen the arguments. For every issue, there are always different sides of a story that is why people support or disagree with that certain issue. Debating seeks to explore the reasons behind each side. To make those reasons are understandable and convincing, debaters should deliver their arguments with good communicative skills.
This activity is done by the students in some educational institutions. Even, several of them establish the debate organizations to follow up the abilities of the students in speaking English. Ahmad Dahlan University is one of some educational institutions which support the debate activity by establishing the debate organization named DeCo which stands for Debating Community. It aims at encouraging and enhancing the students’ capabilities in speaking English as well as sharpening their critical thinking. For the students find some advantages of debate, such as to sharpen mind, to broaden knowledge, to enhance the English speaking ability as well as to encourage mental behavior, there are more and more students join this organization.
Delivering arguments by using English is not an easy matter to do since English is not daily language owned by Indonesian debater. It is quite possible for the debaters who are non-native English speakers and do not use English actively in everyday lives to make errors when they attempt to convey message into English due to the influence of t heir native language that is Indonesian. It is possible to happen since they are accustomed to using Indonesian rather than English for daily conversation.
The use of English by Indonesian debaters during debate would be the most interesting topic to be discussed. The analysis concerns with the errors occurred while delivering arguments in English as the influence of Indonesian language. Therefore, the writer gives the title to her paper The Interference of Indonesian Language Spoken by the Members of Debating Community at Ahmad Dahlan University: A Contrastive Analysis.
By foreign language, we mean a language as used by someone for communication across frontiers or with people who are not his countrymen.
The definition gives idea that foreign language is used only when the speaker encounters a situation when he has to deal with people from other countries whose languages are different from his native language and not used for everyday communication.
This foreign language is used by Indonesians in particular situation only, such as in formal meeting, speech, lecturer, traveling activity, touring guide, debate speech and many more. Debate speech is the most interesting activity using English, since it is very challenging, so that more and more students are eager to practice it. Furthermore it will be the topic of the discussion in this paper.
Debate is one of several activities using English actively in a form of spoken language, not in the written one. The debaters –those who perform debate- are supposed to speak English actively while delivering arguments during debate. They are not only forced to speak English fluently, but also to have basic knowledge related to the topics that are being debated.
In line with that, Oxford Advanced Learner Dictionary defines debate as a formal argument or discussion of a question, especially in a public meeting or in a Parliament with two or more opposing speakers and often ending in a vote (1995:307). Referring to the definition above, it can be concluded that debate is a discussion which is delivered by using formal language with two or more speakers who attempt to defend their arguments by providing it with some evidences, in order to strengthen the arguments. For every issue, there are always different sides of a story that is why people support or disagree with that certain issue. Debating seeks to explore the reasons behind each side. To make those reasons are understandable and convincing, debaters should deliver their arguments with good communicative skills.
This activity is done by the students in some educational institutions. Even, several of them establish the debate organizations to follow up the abilities of the students in speaking English. Ahmad Dahlan University is one of some educational institutions which support the debate activity by establishing the debate organization named DeCo which stands for Debating Community. It aims at encouraging and enhancing the students’ capabilities in speaking English as well as sharpening their critical thinking. For the students find some advantages of debate, such as to sharpen mind, to broaden knowledge, to enhance the English speaking ability as well as to encourage mental behavior, there are more and more students join this organization.
Delivering arguments by using English is not an easy matter to do since English is not daily language owned by Indonesian debater. It is quite possible for the debaters who are non-native English speakers and do not use English actively in everyday lives to make errors when they attempt to convey message into English due to the influence of t heir native language that is Indonesian. It is possible to happen since they are accustomed to using Indonesian rather than English for daily conversation.
The use of English by Indonesian debaters during debate would be the most interesting topic to be discussed. The analysis concerns with the errors occurred while delivering arguments in English as the influence of Indonesian language. Therefore, the writer gives the title to her paper The Interference of Indonesian Language Spoken by the Members of Debating Community at Ahmad Dahlan University: A Contrastive Analysis.
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