A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND JAVANESE NASAL CONSONANTS

ABSTRACT

by : Ani Purwati Setianingsih

This thesis is entitled A Contrastive Analysis between English and Javanese Nasal Consonants. It focuses on the distributions and patterns of nasal assimilations. It is aimed at finding out the distribution of English and Javanese nasal consonants, finding out the patterns of nasal assimilation between English and Javanese, and finding out the similarities and differences between English and Javanese nasal consonants in their distributions and patterns of nasal assimilations.

  

This research uses a descriptive and comparative- qualitative method. It describes the English and Javanese nasal consonants and then compares them to find the similarities and differences. The data of the research are in the form of words containing [m, n, ŋ and ñ]. The writer takes the data from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary and Kamus Lengkap Bahasa Jawa. Besides, the writer also takes the data from phonetics and phonology books and internet. She applies noting and separating techniques. The writer uses intralingua comparative method in analyzing the data.

The result of this study shows that the distributions of English nasal consonants /m/ and /n/ can be placed in all position but phoneme /ŋ/ can just occur in middle and final positions. The distributions of Javanese nasal consonants /m/, /n/, /ŋ/ can be in all positions, but phoneme /ñ/ can just occur in initial and middle positions. The patterns of nasal assimilations in English nasal clusters are divided into three forms: Nasal Deletion, Nasal Change, and Nasal Choice. The patterns of nasal assimilations in Javanese nasal clusters are divided into two forms: Nasal Addition and Nasal Choice. English and Javanese nasal consonants have similarities and differences. The similarities are in types, distributions and nasal cluster. And the differences are in types, distribution and the patterns of nasal assimilation. In the types, both two languages have similarities in phoneme [m], [n] and [ŋ]. In the difference Javanese has phoneme [ñ], while English does not have phoneme [ñ].In the distribution, English and Javanese have similarities in phoneme [m] and [n] which are distributed in all positions: initial, middle and final. And phoneme [ŋ] is distributed in middle and final position. In nasal assimilation both English and Javanese have similarities in Nasal Choice. English has three patterns of nasal assimilation: Nasal Deletion, Nasal Change and Nasal Choice, while Javanese has two patterns of nasal assimilation, that is, Nasal Addition and Nasal Choice.